National energy bureau issued "on strengthening the guidance of the new type of power system stable
On April 24th, the Comprehensive Department of the National Energy Administration issued a notice publicly soliciting opinions on the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Stability of New Power Systems (Draft for Soliciting Opinions)", stating that further strengthening stability work is an inevitable requirement for building a new power system. For a considerable period of time in the future, the power system will still maintain a technological form based on AC power, and the stability problem of the AC power system will exist for a long time. With the deepening of China's green and low-carbon transformation of energy and electricity, the installed capacity of new energy power generation has significantly increased.
The original text is as follows:
The stable operation of the power system is a systematic and comprehensive work aimed at ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system, coordinating the various links of power generation, transmission, supply, consumption, and storage. It is an important part of the management of the power industry. In order to deeply implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and strengthen the stability work of the power system under the new situation, our bureau has drafted the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Stability Work of the New Power System (Draft for Soliciting Opinions)", which is now publicly soliciting opinions from the society.
We welcome valuable opinions and suggestions from relevant units and people from all walks of life. Please fax the relevant opinions and suggestions to 010-81929279 or email them to sunhe@nea.gov.cn 。
Thank you for your participation and support!
Attachment: Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Stability of New Power Systems (Draft for Soliciting Opinions)
Comprehensive Department of National Energy Administration
April 20, 2023
Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Stability of New Power Systems
(Draft for Soliciting Opinions)
In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress, fully implement the decisions and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, accurately grasp the technical characteristics and development laws of the power system, do a solid job in stabilizing the power system under the new situation, ensure the safe and reliable supply of power, and promote the realization of the goal of carbon peak carbon neutrality, the following opinions are put forward.
1、 Fully understand the importance of doing a good job in power system stability work
（1） Stable work is the foundation for the healthy development of the power system. The stable operation of the power system is a systematic and comprehensive work aimed at ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system, coordinating the various links of power generation, transmission, supply, use, and storage. It is an important part of the management of the power industry and the foundation for achieving the healthy development of the power industry and ensuring the safe and reliable supply of electricity. In the long-term development practice of China's power system, stability work has always been based on the basic national conditions of energy in China, followed the objective laws of the development of the power industry, strictly implemented technical regulations such as the "Guidelines for Security and Stability of the Power System", continuously built the "three lines of defense", actively prevented and resolved various system risks, ensured the stable operation of the power system, and provided strong support for economic and social development.
（2） Further strengthening stability work is an inevitable requirement for building a new type of power system. For a considerable period of time in the future, the power system will still maintain a technological form based on AC power, and the stability problem of the AC power system will exist for a long time. With the deepening of China's green and low-carbon transformation of energy and electricity, the installed capacity of new energy power generation has significantly increased, with a high proportion of power electronic equipment connected, and the hybrid operation of ultra-high voltage AC and DC transmission. The production structure, operating mechanism, and functional form of the power system are undergoing profound changes, highlighting issues such as low inertia, low damping, and weak voltage support. The risk of frequency, voltage, and other stability issues caused by power supply and demand imbalance has increased, The fault morphology and chain reaction path are more complex. The security and stability of the new power system are facing even more severe challenges, and doing a good job in stability is of great significance to the overall situation.
2、 Overall requirements
（3） Guiding ideology
We will coordinate development and security, do a good job in stabilizing the new power system, provide reliable power security for Chinese path to modernization, and meet the people's demand for electricity for a better life.
（4） Overall approach
——Consolidate the stable physical foundation. Scientifically construct the load storage structure and layout of the source network, ensure the reasonable power structure and power grid strength, build sufficient flexible regulation capacity and stable control resources, ensure necessary inertia, short circuit capacity, active and reactive power support, and meet the needs of power system energy balance and safe and stable operation.
——Strengthen the stability management system. Focusing on the safe and stable operation of the power system in an interactive environment of high proportion renewable energy, high proportion power electronic equipment, and source network load storage, we will scientifically plan the development direction and path of power system transformation, coordinate planning, construction, operation, market, scientific research, and other work, establish a stable management system that adapts to the new power system, and ensure stable work requirements throughout the entire process and link of the new power system Fully implement.
——Strengthen support for technological innovation. Focusing on the demand for system security and stability technology, we will strengthen basic theoretical research, promote major technological and equipment breakthroughs, accelerate the demonstration and promotion of advanced technologies, collaborate to build a stable technology standard system that adapts to the new power system, improve our level of autonomy and controllability, and lead the construction of new power systems through innovation.
3、 Consolidate the stable foundation of the new power system
（5） Perfect and reasonable power supply structure. Coordinate the scale and layout of various power sources. The reliable power generation capacity should meet the needs of power and electricity balance with reasonable margin, providing sufficient peak shaving, frequency regulation, and voltage regulation capabilities for the system; Scientifically determine the voltage level of the power supply connected to the power grid, achieving effective support for all levels of power grids; Build a comprehensive energy supply system that is diverse and complementary. Enhance the support ability of conventional power regulation. All newly built coal-fired power units will achieve flexible manufacturing, accelerate the flexibility transformation of existing coal-fired power units, support the phase modulation function transformation of retired thermal power units, and continuously improve the grid related performance of units; Actively promote the legal and compliant capacity expansion of hydropower stations, and new hydropower units should have phase modulation functions; Actively, safely and orderly develop nuclear power, and moderately distribute peak shaving gas and electricity. Vigorously enhance the active support capacity of new energy. Promote the construction of system friendly power stations and gradually achieve reliable substitution of new energy in power supply and stable support; Collaborate to promote the development and construction of large-scale new energy bases, regulated support power sources, and external transmission channels, ensuring the continuity and stability of external power transmission.
（6） Build a strong and flexible power grid platform. Clarify the principles of grid construction. Build a hierarchical and partitioned power grid framework with clear structure, safe and controllable, flexible and efficient, and reasonably determine the scale of synchronous power grids; Ensure the strength of the power grid structure, maintain necessary flexibility and redundancy, adapt to the flexible adjustment of operation mode, and have anti-interference ability that is suitable for the scale of ultra-high voltage direct current and new energy. Improve the stability level of DC transmission and reception terminals. The DC transmission end should be reasonably grouped, and the scale of DC transmission at the same transmission end and receiving end should be controlled. The addition of transmission channels should avoid excessive concentration; The layout of the DC receiver should be optimized to avoid too dense landing points; Conventional DC receiving terminals and areas with a high proportion of new energy should have sufficient voltage support capacity, and indicators such as short-circuit ratio should meet the requirements; Actively promote the application of flexible DC technology. Promote the coordinated development of power grids at all levels. Reasonably control the level of short-circuit current, and timely promote the decoupling of the power grid and flexible interconnection of the power grid; Promote the construction of distributed smart grids, carry out unified and stable management, and achieve compatibility, complementarity, and friendly interaction with the large power grid.
（7） Deep excavation of power load side flexibility. Integrate demand response resources on the load side. Incorporate microgrids, distributed smart grids, virtual power plants, electric vehicle charging facilities, and integrated aggregation of user side source, network, load, and storage into the demand side response scope, and promote the participation of interruptible and controllable loads in stable control. Improve load control measures. Establish and improve market-oriented incentive mechanisms, clarify the market status of each participating entity, guide various market entities to participate in the construction and operation of load control, and innovate load control technologies and methods; Accelerate the construction of a new type of power load management system, strengthen load classification management and guarantee, and achieve precise load control and refined user energy management. Strengthen the rigidity of load control execution. Scientifically formulate load control plans, clarify the execution conditions of load control, and strictly implement load control measures to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid, ensuring system safety.
（8） Scientifically arrange energy storage construction. Build energy storage as needed. According to the needs of the power system, we will coordinate the construction of various regulatory resources, promote the scientific allocation of various types and diversified energy storage according to local conditions, and form a power regulation capability with multiple time scales and application scenarios. This will better ensure the safe, stable, and flexible operation of the power system, improve the output and load characteristics of new energy, and support a high proportion of new energy exports. Orderly construction of pumped storage energy. Orderly promote the construction of qualified pumped storage power stations, explore the application of conventional hydropower to pumped storage and hybrid pumped storage power station technology, and build new pumped storage units that should have phase modulation function. Actively promote the construction of new energy storage. Fully leverage the advantages of various new energy storage technologies such as electrochemical energy storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, hydrogen energy storage, and thermal (cold) energy storage, explore new scenarios for integrated energy storage development, and improve the level of power system security and overall efficiency.
4、 Strengthen the stability management of the entire process of the new power system
（9） Strengthen power system planning. Overall planning. Coordinate the overall planning of source network load and storage, strengthen the systematic demonstration of planning schemes and transitional period safety, stability, and power supply adequacy, and improve the depth and accuracy of power system safety and stability calculation and analysis during the planning stage; Strengthen the overall planning of new energy consumption and system regulation capabilities. Rolling analysis. Rolling analysis of supply and demand balance, reasonable arrangement of supporting power sources and regulatory resource construction, ensuring sufficient power supply and system regulation capacity. Ensure orderly connection. Strengthen the connection between planning and operation, enhance the adaptability and safety of planning schemes; Strengthen the connection between the primary and secondary systems, and coordinate the overall plan research of the safety and stability control system.
（10） Strengthen the preliminary design of the project. Deepen the design plan. Strengthen the analysis of the impact of engineering on the system in the feasibility study and preliminary design of large-scale transmission and transformation projects, large-scale power supply access systems, and DC transmission projects. Carry out differentiated reinforcement design. Carry out differentiated design for key sections to improve engineering reliability and disaster resistance. Optimize secondary system design. Reasonably configure secondary systems such as relay protection, stability control, communication, and automation to ensure compliance with relevant standards and anti accident measures.
（11） Strengthen the management of power equipment. Carry out relevant equipment development and system testing closely around the stability technical requirements of the power system. Optimize the grid connection performance of power electronic equipment such as DC and new energy for different application scenarios. Strictly control the quality of power equipment entering the network, fully carry out experimental testing, and eliminate systemic defects in equipment quality. Strengthen scientific argumentation and risk management for the first newly developed electric equipment.
（12） Strengthen the management of power construction. Strengthen the full cycle management of construction, quality, progress, and other aspects of power engineering construction, and achieve zero defect operation of the project. Organize the implementation of system security and stability control measures that are compatible with infrastructure projects, ensuring the synchronous construction and operation of primary equipment and corresponding secondary equipment. Conduct systematic analysis and verification for the transitional stage of engineering construction, and implement safety measures during the transitional period.
（13） Strengthen the operation and maintenance guarantee of power equipment. Strengthen the reliability management of large-scale power sources and main network equipment, continuously carry out equipment hazard investigation and status monitoring, and carry out special operation and maintenance support for key power facilities such as important transmission channels, hub substations, and important power plants. Timely organize equipment defect and fault cause analysis, develop and implement anti accident measures, and regularly verify equipment overload capacity. Strengthen the operation and maintenance support of the secondary system, ensure that the status and parameters of the secondary equipment match the primary system, and prevent incorrect operation of the safety automatic device.
（14） Strengthen scheduling and operation management. Serious scheduling discipline. Adhere to unified dispatch and hierarchical management, and all grid connected entities must obey the unified command of the dispatch agency. The dispatch agency must strictly carry out stable management work in accordance with relevant laws, regulations, and institutional standards; Coordinate and arrange the operation mode of the power system to ensure the coordinated implementation of safety and stability control measures for interconnected power systems; In the event of serious faults in the power system, the dispatch agency should decisively take control measures in accordance with relevant regulations. Strengthen collaborative control. Establish a comprehensive management system for primary and secondary energy, and strengthen the unified balance and coordination of electricity and electricity throughout the entire network; Improve the prediction level of new energy, strictly carry out grid related performance management of all kinds of power sources, and improve the dispatching and control capability for high proportion of renewable energy access through the coordinated dispatching of source grid load storage, and the coordinated dispatching of power grids at the sending and receiving ends of trans provincial transmission channels. Optimize scheduling methods. Strengthen the coordination between scheduling and the market, and promote the transformation of scheduling production organization to a market-oriented approach; Research and promote the integration of wind, solar, water (fire) storage projects as an overall optimization unit to participate in power system regulation and market transactions; Establish and improve a flexible and adjustable resource scheduling mechanism; Regularly optimize orderly electricity usage plans, sequence tables, and measures to ensure compliance with the latest electricity supply and demand situation.
（15） Strengthen the management of the electricity market. One of the important goals of electricity market construction is to improve the security and stability level of the power system, strengthen the performance of trading contracts, improve the continuous operation mechanism of the medium and long-term market, and accelerate the construction of a spot market that can better reflect flexible regulation capabilities. Continuously improve the auxiliary service market, enrich the trading varieties of auxiliary services such as frequency modulation, backup, and moment of inertia, and establish a sound basic guarantee and system adjustable power capacity compensation mechanism. Promote the establishment of a capacity market, encourage and support the regulation of resource construction. Improve the security and stability verification system for power market transactions, strengthen the market-oriented emergency response mechanism for power market risks, and ensure the stability and controllability of the power system in various market operation scenarios.
（16） Strengthen emergency management of the power system. Establish and improve power warning and emergency response mechanisms to cope with extreme weather and natural disasters, strengthen disaster warning and prediction, and coordinate and link all parties. Strengthen the security guarantee of electricity in key areas, reasonably improve the construction standards of relevant lines and substations in core areas and important users, and promote the construction of local emergency power sources. Important users should configure their own emergency power sources according to requirements, strengthen the coordinated allocation and use of mobile emergency power sources, and build a strong local power grid in key cities. It is indeed necessary to strengthen the analysis of power supply guarantee in super large and mega cities, and retain a portion of standby coal-fired power units that are shut down to cope with seasonal supply guarantee. Improve the ability to quickly recover and respond to emergencies after accidents, optimize the layout of black start power sources, improve various special emergency plans, and regularly organize emergency drills for large-scale power outages.
（17） Strengthen the security protection of the power monitoring system. Implement the "clear vision", "empowerment", and "strong foundation" actions for network security in the power industry, establish and improve the awareness, monitoring, and early warning platform for network security in the power industry and enterprises, and enhance the network security attack and emergency capabilities of the power industry. Build a common basic capability support platform for network security in the power industry, represented by simulation and verification environments, password platforms, and Beidou facilities, strengthen the basic capabilities of information asset and threat intelligence management, and implement key information infrastructure security protection requirements. Deepen the security protection system of the power monitoring system, proactively respond to the new network security risks brought by new forms and technologies of the power system, and build a solid foundation for network security in the power industry.
5、 Building a stable technical support system
（18） Tackle the basic theory of new power system stability. Study the stability mechanism of high proportion renewable energy and high proportion power electronic equipment connected to the power system, grasp the transient transition process of power system faults, and accelerate the research of power and electricity balance in highly uncertain environments with both source and load sides
